Nanoparticles (NPs) play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in consequence of their larger surface areas in comparison to the bulk material. Among the variety of nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles (MNPs) present unique physical, chemical and biological properties. The present study was evaluated the anti-Leishmania effect of silver nanoparticles on Leishmania major based on investigation of their action on various cellular parameters of the parasite.