Aeslina Abdul Kadir | Malaysia
Aeslina Abdul Kadir
Malaysia
This innovative fired clay brick, known as ECO-CeraBrick, incorporates industrial ceramic sludge waste as a partial replacement for natural clay in brick production. The study identified 30% ceramic sludge incorporation as the optimum composition, achieving compressive strength and durability comparable to those of conventional fired clay bricks. The developed brick complies with the British Standard (BS) and satisfies the SIRIM ECO 023:2016 Eco-Labelling criteria for building materials.